During the construction process of bridge engineering projects, many aspects are involved, such as human factors, materials and equipment, technical processes, and on - site construction management. Improper handling of any of these factors may affect the construction quality of the bridge. This article first analyzes the common problems during the bridge construction process and then discusses with you how to strengthen the construction quality control based on this analysis. 

 1. Analysis of Problems in Bridge Engineering Construction 

1.1 Inaccurate Information Data 

Bridge engineering is very large - scale and involves a wide range of aspects. During the construction process, operations need to be carried out in accordance with standards and requirements. Due to the large number of construction details, manual methods are often required, so errors during manual operations are difficult to avoid. Taking pile foundation engineering as an example, during the construction of pile foundations in bridge engineering, manual excavation is often used. In principle, concrete retaining wall mode is adopted for pile foundation retaining walls. The formwork erection of the retaining wall is also mostly constructed manually. To ensure the construction quality of the bridge, the aperture, central position, and perpendicularity should be strictly controlled. 

1.2 Inadequate Treatment of Concealed Works 

During the quality inspection and evaluation of bridge engineering construction, surface quality problems are easily visible, while concealed works are easily overlooked. For any engineering project, a small problem may lead to a big disaster. Any negligence in detail engineering and concealed works will inevitably affect the overall quality of the bridge project. As for the concealed parts, they mainly refer to the connection and binding of bridge reinforcement, welding joints, and the bending angle of stirrups. If there are quality problems in these aspects, the quality of the bridge will be difficult to guarantee. 

1.3 Construction Materials and Mechanical Equipment 

Materials are the foundation for ensuring the construction quality of the project. The quality of materials directly determines the overall construction quality of the bridge engineering project. In practice, if there are quality problems in construction materials, the constructed bridge will inevitably have quality and safety hazards. The "jerry - built" projects emerging in various places in recent years are typical examples. Mechanical equipment plays an important role in bridge engineering. The performance of mechanical equipment is related to the construction quality of the entire engineering project. If it is in disrepair or poorly maintained for a long time, its performance will be affected, and the quality of the bridge project will be seriously affected. 

 2. Effective Strategies for Strengthening the Construction Quality Control of Bridge Engineering 

Based on the above analysis of the existing problems in the current bridge construction process, the author believes that to strengthen the quality control of bridge construction, the following aspects should be started from. 

2.1 Establish a Perfect Bridge Engineering Construction Management System 

To ensure the overall construction quality of the bridge project, a perfect and sound construction quality control system needs to be established, and the management responsibility should be clearly assigned to specific persons. At the same time, effective measures should be taken in a timely manner to prevent and control the existing quality problems in the proposed bridge construction, implement the engineering details, and improve the quality control awareness. After the completion of each sub - project and sub - item project, the construction party should conduct strict quality inspections, discover problems in time and deal with them targeted. At the same time, on - site management should be continuously strengthened, technical disclosure work should be done well, and the reward and punishment mechanism should be improved and implemented to stimulate the quality management enthusiasm and construction quality responsibility of construction personnel. 

2.2 Strengthen the Control of Construction Mechanical Equipment and Materials 

In practice, a perfect mechanical equipment operation, repair and maintenance system should be established to effectively play the role of mechanical equipment. If there are problems with mechanical equipment, the construction quality and progress will be affected to a large extent, and even serious personal safety accidents may occur. Therefore, during the construction of bridge engineering, the supervision and inspection of equipment should be strengthened, and specific personnel should be responsible for the repair and maintenance of equipment. Managers should go deep into the front line and comprehensively grasp the service conditions of mechanical equipment. At the same time, the quality inspection and control of construction materials should also be strengthened, which is the key to ensuring the construction quality of the project. When purchasing materials, we should compare different suppliers. We should not blindly pursue profits or be greedy for cheapness and ignore the quality of materials. In practice, the acceptance and inspection standards for material quality should be clearly defined, and illegal operations should be avoided to ensure the construction quality of the bridge. The materials entering the construction site should also be strictly checked, and sampling inspection of materials should be done well. Unqualified materials are not allowed to enter the construction site. 

2.3 Strengthen the Technical Management of Bridge Construction 

During the construction process of bridge engineering, many technical processes will be applied. Taking soft soil foundation, formwork, and concrete pouring construction technologies as examples, the key points of technical quality control are analyzed as follows: 

2.3.1 Soft Soil Foundation Treatment Technology. 

Soft soil subgrade is usually encountered during the construction of bridge engineering. The soft soil layer on the upper part of the foundation is generally thin, but the water content is very high. In practice, a sand cushion layer with a thickness of 0.5 - 1.2m can be laid on the soft soil foundation. By adopting this method, the soft soil layer can be consolidated, and the sand cushion layer can play a certain drainage role. During this process, the sand cushion layer becomes an underground drainage layer in the fill, which can reduce the water level of the fill to a certain extent. During the filling and foundation treatment, the good passage of construction machinery and equipment should be ensured. The thickness of the soft soil layer should be controlled within 3 - 5m, and geotextiles and sand cushion layers are used for treatment, which is conducive to reducing the thickness of the drainage sand cushion layer. 

2.3.2 Formwork Construction Technology. 

During the construction of bridge engineering, the quality control of formwork construction is the key. The optimal design of the formwork, the installation and removal of the formwork, and the firmness of the support are all issues that need to be comprehensively considered. At the same time, the strength, flatness, stiffness, and stability of the formwork should be ensured to prevent the formwork from deforming or having poor sealing, otherwise the concrete slurry may be lost. When selecting formwork materials, it should be ensured that they have good anti - corrosion and water absorption properties. According to the shape and specification of the components, formwork materials should be reasonably selected. Generally, for circular components, steel formwork is more appropriate, while for T - shaped or E - shaped components which are more complicated, bamboo plywood is more suitable. The steel formwork should be smooth, and the surface of the formwork should be polished. At the same time, the details of the formwork should be optimized to ensure the stability of bolt fixation to prevent the formwork from being damaged.2.3.3 Pouring Construction Technology. 

During concrete construction, the concrete feeding should be strictly controlled. When it begins to set, ensure that the feeding is in place, and the slump should also be strictly controlled. During the layered pouring process, the thickness of each layer of construction should be strictly controlled. Before pouring, detailed construction acceptance should be carried out to ensure that the pouring operation is carried out after passing the acceptance. The quality of concrete vibration construction should be controlled, and vibration equipment should be reasonably selected. Over - vibration or under - vibration that affects the overall construction quality should be firmly avoided. During the concrete vibration process, the following technical points should be noted. During the pouring construction process of the bridge project, the ground pump should pour in a backward state at the same time, and the pump port should pour concrete in an intersecting manner after connecting a hose. During the vibration operation, the time, strength, and speed should be strictly controlled to avoid the situation that the upper layer is compacted while there are bubbles in the lower layer. After the concrete construction is completed, the side forms of each component can be removed only after the test blocks reach the strength requirements. After the formwork is removed, anti - drying maintenance measures should be taken for the concrete surface, such as watering, covering with straw or felt cloth. 

Conclusion 

In a word, there are many influencing factors in the bridge construction process. In practice, control should be strengthened according to the working conditions, starting from multiple aspects such as system, personnel, mechanical equipment, and technical processes, so as to effectively improve the construction quality of the project.